Climate change devastation in Nigeria: A growing concern

September 13, 2025 by Our Reporter

By Adebayo Adeleye

Climate change is no longer a distant threat, but a harsh reality that Nigeria and Africa in general are grappling with. Rising temperatures, flooding, droughts, and desertification are some of the devastating effects of climate change that are impacting lives and livelihoods across the continent.

The Alarming Statistics: According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), climate-related hazards cause African countries to lose 2-5% of their gross domestic product (GDP) annually. In West Africa, rainfall deficits in Nigeria, Benin, and Ghana led to localised shortfalls in agricultural production in 2023. The region has experienced a 1.2°C temperature rise above pre-industrial levels, with 2024 being one of the five hottest years on record for the Sahel.

Effects of Climate Change in Nigeria: Nigeria, Africa’s most populous nation, is highly vulnerable to climate change. The country is experiencing increased flooding, droughts, and heatwaves, which are impacting agriculture, food security, and human health. Climate change is also shifting climate regions, with the desert region in the North receding North and the tropical savanna climate expanding.

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Recent Initiatives and Events: There are, however, signs of hope. Recent initiatives aimed at combating climate change include; Kano’s Inclusive Climate Change Policy, where Kano State has unveiled an inclusive climate change policy to mitigate the effects of climate change. Adamawa’s Recycling Plant: Adamawa State has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the World Bank to construct a recycling plant. Eco-Circulate Ayobo Initiative: This initiative is driving climate action through community partnership and rewards. Nigeria’s Energy Transition Plan: Nigeria has launched an Energy Transition Plan to decarbonize its energy sector and achieve net-zero emissions by 2060.

Call to Action: Experts are urging immediate action to reduce methane emissions and mitigate the effects of climate change. The Nigerian Conservation Foundation has called for urgent action to combat deforestation, restore ecosystems, and mitigate the impacts of climate change. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has also raised concerns about the worsening climate-related disruptions in West Africa.

As the world grapples with the challenges of climate change, it is clear that urgent action is needed to mitigate its effects. Nigeria and other African States must work together to address this pressing issue and ensure a sustainable future for generations to come.

•Dr. Adebayo Matthew, Adeleye (Ph.D., Ibadan) Researcher on Environmental Pollution and Control [email protected]  +234 803 525 6450

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